The economic benefits of U.S. shale gas development are substantial. The degree to which companies and their investors can capitalize on this opportunity and profitably tap these vast domestic shale resources depends on reducing environmental and social risks to gain public support. Public apprehension over potential adverse environmental impacts and industrialization of rural and sub- urban areas have heightened the regulatory, reputational and legal risks associated with shale gas development and, in some instances, led to restrictions on drilling.