Our report analyses the relationship between biofuels and food security from the perspectives of biofuel policies, technology trajectories, prices and land. Each of these themes is discussed through a critical reflection on the relevant recent literature including policy documents, the conclusions of major research institutions and networks, individual academic contributions, specialist journals and business studies, in addition to civil society sources, particularly as regards databanks on biofuel investments and case studies. With regards to the most recent developments in policies and technologies, appropriate information can be found almost exclusively in non peer-reviewed sources. We retained them as far as they appeared to be sufficiently credible (reports commissioned by recognized institutions, specialist journals, major corporation’s reports etc).