A variety of studies and disparate datasets track state energy storage polices, but these datasets do not cover all behind-the-meter (BTM) related storage policy. Moreover, these databases do not align these policies with the policy stacking framework. Thus, it is unclear what BTM storage policies are adopted across the country, what should comprise a complete storage policy framework or stack, and how states policies compare against that stack.

A new report by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) addresses this gap in the literature by developing a state policy stack for BTM battery storage compared across all fifty states. This first-of-its-kind BTM storage policy stack includes 11 parent policy categories, and 31 associated policies divided across the market preparation, creation, and expansion policy components.