As governments and the private sector turn to clean energy alternatives to meet their climate goals, the boom in demand for minerals that are critical to the energy transition will profoundly impact indigenous and rural communities across Latin America and the Caribbean. Although the important role of critical minerals in securing a clean energy supply chain has been widely discussed, the social and human rights repercussions for local communities living near extraction sites have received less attention. Indeed, conflicts have multiplied between communities, mining companies, activists, and central and local political authorities, and in some cases, protests have succeeded in delaying or canceling projects. This event will explore ways in which governments and the private sector can promote sustainable development in mining communities and be held accountable for the negative externalities resulting from the extraction of critical minerals as well as how to build reciprocal relationships with local communities.