Full Title: Identifying and Overcoming Critical Barriers to Widespread Second Use of PEV Batteries
Author(s): J. Neubauer, K. Smith, E. Wood, and A. Pesaran
Publisher(s): U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Publication Date: February 1, 2015
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Description (excerpt):
Market penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which could significantly decrease the nation’s dependence on foreign oil and emissions of greenhouse gases, is presently restricted by the high cost of batteries. Deployment of grid-connected energy storage systems, which could increase the reliability, efficiency, and cleanliness of the grid, is similarly inhibited by the cost of batteries. Battery second use (B2U) strategies—in which a single battery first serves an automotive application, then once deemed appropriate is redeployed into a secondary market— could help address both issues. By extracting additional services and revenue from the battery in a post-vehicle application, the total lifetime value of the battery is increased, and the cost of the battery can be reduced to both the primary and secondary users.
Recognizing this potential, the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Vehicle Technologies Office has funded the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to investigate the feasibility of and major barriers to the second use of modern lithium-ion PEV batteries.