MIGHTY: Model of International Green Hydrogen Trade

The Model of International Green Hydrogen Trade (MIGHTY) is an optimization model to investigate renewable hydrogen production, consumption, and trade between countries. MIGHTY supports strategic analysis by policymakers and investors about the potential roles that countries and regions will play in future renewable hydrogen markets. For this purpose, MIGHTY uses mixed-integer linear programming optimization to find the combination of domestic renewable hydrogen production and international imports that minimizes annual supply costs —which include production and transportation costs— while meeting the hydrogen demand of one country or a group of countries. This paper introduces the model and describes the model formulation, …

Hydrogen Production from Carbon-Free Nuclear Energy

As governments and private sector leaders consider solutions to decarbonize the global energy matrix in order to address climate change, hydrogen has increasingly emerged as one promising pathway to net-zero emissions. The world’s most abundant element is an energy carrier that can be used not only to store energy, but also to decarbonize hard-to-abate energy sectors, such as transportation, power, industry, and buildings.

The unique characteristics of nuclear energy allow it to pair with low-cost, high efficiency hydrogen production processes which facilitates nuclear hydrogen production’s economic competitiveness. In this way, nuclear energy can be a catalyst for a clean hydrogen …

Making Hydrogen Hubs a Success

In the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), the U.S. Congress authorized the creation of Regional Clean Hydrogen Hubs (H2Hubs) to address the multiple challenges facing this nascent industry. In the United States, there is presently little production of low-emissions hydrogen, few users, and almost no linkages between them. To solve these challenges, the legislation calls for each H2Hub to establish “a network of clean hydrogen producers, potential clean hydrogen consumers, and connective infrastructure located in close proximity” to demonstrate the production, processing, storage, transportation, and use of clean hydrogen.

In Spring 2022, the CSIS Energy Security and Climate Change …

Hydrogen Forecast to 2050

Discover DNV’s forecast for a most likely hydrogen future to mid-century, across production, transport, and end use. Get insights into factors crucial to scaling hydrogen, including policy, regulations, safety, and investment.

DNV’s first dedicated hydrogen forecast to 2050 provides new and expanded hydrogen findings from our Energy Transition Outlook model – exploring the outlook globally, regionally, and by sector. We combine this with the knowledge we have gained in our projects, research and development.

We find that hydrogen is essential to a clean energy future, but many questions remain around hydrogen’s large-scale use as an energy carrier. We explore these …

Fueling a Low-Carbon Future in Utah: The Role of Hydrogen

As an energy exporter with significant renewable resources and a strategic location in the west, Utah will be key to accelerating the United States’ energy transition. Recently, the state has garnered international attention for its growing role in the bourgeoning hydrogen industry, with multiple industry-leading projects underway. Barriers remain to deploying hydrogen in a low-carbon future, but Utah has potential to play a leadership role in the hydrogen sector if it can address its own unique barriers. This brief provides insights from a C2ES roundtable held in November 2021 that explored the future of hydrogen in Utah. It highlights the …

The Geopolitics of Hydrogen in the Indo-Pacific Region

Large energy consumers in the Indo-Pacific region and their traditional energy suppliers are examining the potential role of clean hydrogen in energy systems as well as their own potential roles in hydrogen supply chains. Several Asian governments are leading the charge in creating a clean hydrogen economy by releasing and executing hydrogen strategies and funding new projects, while others are beginning to articulate visions and strategies.

This report surveys national visions and strategies of leading Asian economies and their traditional energy suppliers and presents key implications of clean hydrogen development in the Indo-Pacific region. The report further offers recommendations on …

Houston As the Epicenter of a Global Clean-Hydrogen Hub

Around the world, governments are recognizing the importance of clean hydrogen in building an energy system to reach net-zero carbon emissions. As of October 2021, 17 governments had published hydrogen strategies and more than 20 were in the process of developing strategies. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has declared clean hydrogen crucial to achieving President Biden’s goals of a 100 percent clean electrical grid by 2035 and net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.

The current economics of clean-hydrogen production and distribution do not currently support large-scale adoption by customers to replace lower-cost, higher-carbon-intensity alternatives. Regional hydrogen hubs have the potential …

Hydrogen Market Pathways

Interest and momentum surrounding hydrogen has grown in recent years, but the idea of using hydrogen as an energy carrier is not new – it has come in and out of fashion since the 1970s. Yet, despite decades of interest and research, there are still many obstacles to overcome for the hydrogen market to scale–up.

Currently, hydrogen accounts for only ~1% of the energy mix, is predominately produced using unabated fossil fuels, and is mainly used on–site where it is produced. For hydrogen to play a role in the …

Fueling a Low-carbon Future in Utah: The Role of Hydrogen

As an energy exporter with significant renewable resources and a strategic location in the west, Utah will be key to accelerating the United States’ energy transition. Recently, the state has garnered international attention for its growing role in the bourgeoning hydrogen industry, with multiple industry-leading projects underway. Barriers remain to deploying hydrogen in a low-carbon future, but Utah has potential to play a leadership role in the hydrogen sector if it can address its own unique barriers. This brief provides insights from a C2ES roundtable held in November 2021 that explored the future of hydrogen in Utah. It highlights the …

Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5°C Climate Goal: Green Hydrogen Cost and Potential

Hydrogen is an essential component of a net-zero energy system and has a key role to play in decarbonizing sectors that are difficult to electrify, such as heavy industry and long-haul transport.

Vast green hydrogen potential exists around the world, equating to more than 20 times global primary energy demand in 2050. However, the potential within specific countries or regions depends on the land available.

This report estimates the potential for green hydrogen production as a function of land availability, considering exclusion zones such as protected areas, forests, wetlands, urban centers, slope and water scarcity. It forms part of a …