Structural Shifts in China’s Oil and Gas CH4 Emissions with Implications for Mitigation Efforts

Methane (CH4) is a potent and short-lived climate pollutant, with the oil and gas sectors emerging as an important contributor. China exhibited a substantial expansion of oil and gas infrastructures over recent years, but the CH4 emission accounting tends to be incomplete and uncertain. Here, the authors construct a CH4 emission database of China’s oil and gas systems from 1990–2022 with 80% of emissions tracked as refineries, facilities, pipelines, and field sources. Results show that China’s oil and gas CH4 emissions have risen from 0.5[0.5–0.6] TgCH4 yr−1 in 1990 to 4.0[3.7–4.4] TgCH4 yr−1 in 2022, primarily driven by the growing …

Powering Progress: Industrial Decarbonization Planning at the State Level

As the world moves toward cleaner manufacturing, states have the opportunity to lead a new wave of investments in decarbonizing American industry. Globally, the clean industrial transition is well underway: recent advances have made lower-carbon industrial equipment cost-competitive, buyers are seeking cleaner industrial products, and international pressure is mounting on US industry to cut its climate footprint — the European Union will soon implement its tariff on high-carbon imports, and Canada is considering a similar measure, as Chinese industry rapidly decarbonizes. American manufacturing must cut its carbon pollution in order to stay competitive. Industrial decarbonization is a market imperative, and …

2024 PPIAF Annual Report

Historically, private sector investment has been a vital source of infrastructure funding. Yet, while there are signs of recovery, private investment in infrastructure for low- and middle-income countries has not returned to pre-pandemic levels. Notably, these investments saw a 5% decline in 2023, totaling $86 billion. Uncertainty — driven in part by unclear regulations — contributes to these limited investment levels.

Clear, well-established rules make it easier and less risky for private investors to participate in infrastructure projects. Data bear this out, showing a strong correlation between PPP regulatory reforms and investment levels over the last three decades. Countries that …

Europe’s Long Journey to Renewable Hydrogen

The European Union (the EU) has very ambitious targets when it comes to renewable hydrogen development (10 million tonnes to be produced domestically by 2030 and the same amount to be imported). However, the region is very unlikely to reach these targets. The development of domestic renewable hydrogen is slowed by a lengthy permitting process, high costs of renewable hydrogen, the need to develop hydrogen transport infrastructure, and the lack of offtake agreements. The regulatory framework on renewable hydrogen has taken a long time to develop, which has also delayed projects. The regulatory framework is also seen as being stifling, …

Sustainable Energy in America 2025 Factbook

The Sustainable Energy in America Factbook – produced annually for the Business Council for Sustainable Energy by BloombergNEF – provides valuable year-over-year data and insights on the American energy expansion.

In 2024, U.S. power generation reached its highest volume in two decades, driven by growth in renewable energy technologies and by stable natural gas generation capacity. These energy growth sectors face favorable market conditions as the United States eyes rising energy demand.

The 2025 Sustainable Energy in America Factbook covers the progress of the energy efficiency, natural gas, and renewable energy sectors. Download the report to find the latest data …

Economic and Technical Analysis of Hydrogen Production and Transport: A Case Study of Egypt

This study investigates the economic, technical, and logistical aspects of hydrogen production, with a particular focus on Egypt’s potential to emerge as a global hydrogen leader. The research is motivated by Egypt’s abundant renewable resources, strategic location, and increasing interest in hydrogen as a cornerstone of the energy transition. Using the Hydra simulation model developed in MATLAB/Simulink, the study evaluates the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) and Levelized Supply Costs of Hydrogen (LSCOH) across various scenarios, spanning from 2024 to 2050. These scenarios incorporate factors such as economic growth, technological advancements, energy policies, and infrastructure developments. Projections indicate that the …

National Nuclear Security Administration: Explosives Program Is Mitigating Some Supply Chain Risks but Should Take Additional Actions to Enhance Resiliency

According to National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) documentation, the explosives supply chain is vulnerable to risks, such as material supply and manufacturing challenges. GAO found 66 total NNSA-identified risks across the agency’s 11 key explosives products supply chains. Agency officials told us the risks facing the explosives program, if not addressed, could result in delays to nuclear weapons modernization programs and newly designed weapons. NNSA has taken some steps to mitigate these risks, such as maintaining stockpiles of at-risk materials and identifying new domestic suppliers.

NNSA’s nearly $4 billion of existing explosives infrastructure—at five contractor-operated sites that design, produce, and …

Hydrogen: Closing the Cost Gap

Demand for clean hydrogen and its derivatives has taken center stage for decision-makers in industry and government over the past years, where a focus has been on project bankability and catalyzing supply chain development. The lack of demand-side visibility, rising energy and material costs, and prolonged regulatory uncertainty have been key factors inhibiting investment in the sector, in some cases leading to project delays and cancellations.

At the same time, some regions have begun implementing measures that could support the business case for clean hydrogen adoption. While the regulatory landscape is still evolving, this report looks at the current policy …

The Case for Recalibrating Europe’s Hydrogen Strategy

In the five years since the European Commission unveiled its 2020 European Hydrogen Strategy, the European Union’s (EU’s) hydrogen market has captured significant global attention from policymakers and industry stakeholders. By taking the lead in developing a renewable hydrogen industry through progressive policies, targets, and technological innovation, the EU has showcased both the immense potential and the substantial challenges of this transition. Executing this vision has proved difficult, with many early expectations — such as rapid progress, cost reductions, and broad offtake applications — now proven to be overly ambitious or unattainable in the short term.

Kickstarting decarbonization of hard-to-electrify …

The Case for Recalibrating Europe’s Hydrogen Strategy

In the five years since the European Commission unveiled its 2020 European Hydrogen Strategy, the European Union’s (EU’s) hydrogen market has captured significant global attention from policymakers and industry stakeholders. By taking the lead in developing a renewable hydrogen industry through progressive policies, targets, and technological innovation, the EU has showcased both the immense potential and the substantial challenges of this transition. Executing this vision has proved difficult, with many early expectations — such as rapid progress, cost reductions, and broad offtake applications — now proven to be overly ambitious or unattainable in the short term.

Kickstarting decarbonization of hard-to-electrify …