Full Title: Solar Energy Resource Availability Under Extreme and Historical Wildfire Smoke Conditions
Author(s): Kimberley A. Corwin, Jesse Burkhardt, Chelsea A. Corr, Paul W. Stackhouse Jr., Amit Munshi, and Emily V. Fischer
Publisher(s): Nature Communications
Publication Date: January 2, 2025
Full Text: Download Resource
Description (excerpt):
By 2050, the U.S. plans to increase solar energy from 3% to 45% of the nation’s electricity generation. Quantifying wildfire smoke’s impact on solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is essential to meet this goal, especially given previous studies documenting sizable PV output losses due to smoke. The authors quantify smoke-driven changes in baseline solar resource availability [i.e., amount of direct normal (DNI) and global horizontal (GHI) irradiance] at different spatial and temporal scales using radiative transfer model output and satellite-based smoke, aerosol, and cloud observations. They show that irradiance decreases as smoke frequency increases at the state, regional, and national scale. DNI is more sensitive to smoke with sizable losses persisting downwind of fires. Large reductions in GHI–the main PV resource–are possible close to fires, but mean GHI declines minimally (<5%) due to transported smoke. PV resources remain relatively stable across most of CONUS even in extreme fire seasons.