Full Title: The water consumption of energy production: an international comparison
Author(s): E S Spang, W R Moomaw, K S Gallagher, P H Kirshen, and D H Marks
Publisher(s): Environmental Research Letters
Publication Date: October 1, 2014
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Description (excerpt):
Producing energy resources requires significant quantities of fresh water. As an energy sector changes or expands, the mix of technologies deployed to produce fuels and electricity determines the associated burden on regional water resources. Many reports have identified the water consumption of various energy production technologies. This paper synthesizes and expands upon this previous work by exploring the geographic distribution of water use by national energy portfolios.