The OurEnergyLibrary aggregates and indexes publicly available fact sheets, journal articles, reports, studies, and other publications on U.S. energy topics. It is updated every week to include the most recent energy resources from academia, government, industry, non-profits, think tanks, and trade associations. Suggest a resource by emailing us at info@ourenergypolicy.org.
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A proposed rule governing oil and natural gas operations on BLM managed lands would generate costs to society designed to purchase “useful information to the public” and assurance that “hydraulic fracturing is conducted in a way that adequately protects the environment” (Federal Register Volume 77, Number 92, RIN 1004‐AE26). Natural resource economics invokes the basic principles of welfare economics to assess if the benefits to society from such a purchase exceed its cost. This paper contributes to the discussion by first reviewing the key economic principles involved and then estimating through a custom, multi‐stage Monte Carlo process the individual well …
View Full ResourceThis study is intended to compare the cost of electricity from natural gas and nuclear power taking each technology’s inherent risks into account. There is investment risk inherent in both technologies, but from different sources. The risk of nuclear power resides in uncertain capital costs. For natural gas, the risks are from the uncertain forward cost of natural gas and the potential for environmental compliance costs, primarily from the emissions of greenhouse gases (principally CO2). Because of these uncertainties it is more revealing to use risk‐adjusted (probabilistic or stochastic) forecasts of the comparative costs of electricity. These estimates show the …
View Full ResourceThe Natural Gas Annual 2013 (NGA) provides information on the supply and disposition of natural gas to a wide audience including Congress, federal and state agencies, industry analysts, consumers, and educational institutions. The 2013 data are presented in a sequence that follows natural gas (including supplemental supplies) from its production to its end use. Tables summarizing natural gas supply and disposition from 2009 to 2013 for each state follow these tables. Annual historical data are shown at the national level.…
View Full ResourceDue to greater demands for hydrocarbons and improvements in drilling technology, development of oil and natural gas in some regions of the United States has increased dramatically. A 1.4 ha natural gas well pad was constructed in an intermittent stream channel at the Alto Experimental Watersheds in East Texas, USA (F1), while another 1.1 ha well pad was offset about 15 m from a nearby intermittent stream (F2). V-notch weirs were constructed downstream of these well pads and stream sedimentation and water quality was measured. For the 2009 water year, about 11.76 cm, or almost 222% more runoff resulted from …
View Full ResourceUse of both natural gas and renewable energy has grown significantly in recent years. Both forms of energy have been touted as key elements of a transition to a cleaner and more secure energy future, but much of the current discourse considers each in isolation or concentrates on the competitive impacts of one on the other. This paper attempts, instead, to explore potential synergies of natural gas and renewable energy in the U.S. electric power and transportation sectors.
Part I of this paper offers nine platforms for dialogue and partnership between the natural gas and renewable energy industries, including development …
View Full ResourceDrilling for oil and natural gas is a high-impact economic activity that presents opportunities and challenges for state and local governments seeking to reconcile the benefits of job and revenue growth with the impacts of rapid industrialization and population growth. The rush to develop unconventional oil and natural gas resources—underway in many parts of the nation and on the horizon in others—requires more wells compared to conventional oil and natural gas, meaning higher costs, more jobs, and greater impacts to extract an equivalent amount of oil or natural gas.
This brief focuses on fiscal challenges specific to oil and natural …
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There are more than 2.3 million miles of natural gas infrastructure in the United States in the form of gathering, transmission, and distribution pipelines.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from natural gas infrastructure totaled 72.3 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) in 2010, 1.06 percent of total U.S. emissions.
Natural gas infrastructure can reduce emissions directly, through lower emissions from equipment and leaks, or indirectly, by providing natural gas access to consumers to replace of higher-emitting fuels, such as coal, petroleum, and home-heating oil.
In order to leverage natural gas to reduce GHG emissions, natural gas must be accessible
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There were more than 4.8 million commercial buildings in the United States in 2003.
Space heating and lighting are the largest uses of energy in commercial buildings, representing 38 percent and 20 percent of total site use respectively.
The choice of electricity or natural gas use within the sector is dependent on building use, size, and geographic location.
Health care and educational buildings use natural gas more commonly than other commercial building types.
Concerns about the dwindling US energy deposits, uncertainties about the global energy supply chains, human health concerns, Green House Gas emissions and other environmental concerns have brought energy efficiency and clean technologies to the forefront. The energy supply matrix for the United States (see Figure 1) is a diverse mix – fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum are interspersed with other traditional and non-traditional resources. Out of these, due to its availability in abundance, easy transportation through pipelines, and clean burning nature, natural gas features prominently with total annual consumption of 22.5 Quads (1 Quad = 1 …
View Full ResourceNatural gas as a city energy supply is well established in the developed countries while in the developing countries the usage of natural gas in city utility industry has significantly increased in recent years. The “town gas” or the “water-coal gas” generated from the process manufacturing of coal is vastly being replaced by natural gas. According to the worldwide energy consumption outlook released in 2011 by US Energy Information Administration, the worldwide annual natural gas consumption is at an average growth rate of 1.6% and will reach to 186.7 trillion cubic feet in 2035. The amount is almost doubled compared …
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