The OurEnergyLibrary aggregates and indexes publicly available fact sheets, journal articles, reports, studies, and other publications on U.S. energy topics. It is updated every week to include the most recent energy resources from academia, government, industry, non-profits, think tanks, and trade associations. Suggest a resource by emailing us at info@ourenergypolicy.org.
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Several recent studies establish that crude oil and natural gas prices are cointegrated. Yet at times in the past, and very powerfully in the last two years, many voices have noted that the two prices series appear to have “decoupled”. We explore the apparent contradiction between these two views. We find that recognition of the statistical fact of cointegration needs to be tempered with two additional points. First, there is an enormous amount of unexplained volatility in natural gas prices at short horizons. Hence, any simple formulaic relationship between the prices will leave a large portion of the price of …
View Full ResourceThis report presents information about the Bakken Formation of the Williston Basin: its location, production, geology, resources, proved reserves, and the technology being used for development. This is the first in a series intending to share information about technology-based oil and natural gas plays.…
View Full ResourceTwo computable general equilibrium models, one global and the other providing U.S. regional detail, are applied to analysis of the future of U.S. natural gas as an input to an MIT interdisciplinary study The Future of Natural Gas. The focus is on uncertainties including the scale and cost of gas resources, the costs of competing technologies, the pattern of greenhouse gas mitigation, and the evolution of global natural gas markets. Results show that the outlook for gas over the next several decades is very favorable. In electric generation, given the unproven and relatively high cost of other low-carbon generation alternatives, …
View Full ResourceNatural gas development stimulates the economy in two major ways: business-to- business spending and payments to land owners. Exploring, drilling, processing, and transporting natural gas requires goods and services from many sectors of the economy, such as construction, trucking, steelmaking, and engineering services. Gas companies also pay lease and royalty payments to land owners, who also spend and pay taxes on this income. Higher energy production stimulates employment, income, and tax revenues. This study estimates these economic impacts using an input-output model developed by the Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc., which is the same model used by the Pennsylvania Department of …
View Full ResourceUnlike other internationally traded commodity markets, natural gas has disparate regional benchmark prices. The dominant mechanism for the international gas trade, however, remains oil indexation, which originated in Europe in the 1960s and spread to Asia. A contrasting mechanism based on hub pricing and traded markets developed in the United States and has spread to continental Europe via the UK. Today, Europe is witnessing an unprecedented collision between these two pricing mechanisms and gas industry cultures. According to the International Energy Agency, one of the most essential questions related to global energy supplies and security is whether the traditional link …
View Full ResourceThe Barnett Shale Study was conducted to provide a better understanding of population exposure to air toxics associated with gas production operations in the Barnett Shale region of North Texas. The data from this study is intended to supplement existing data and on-going air quality monitoring and health risk assessments by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ).…
View Full ResourceThis study analyzes the benefits of increased “direct use” of natural gas as a cost-effective mechanism to assist the nation in achieving two key goals: (1) increase the nation’s full fuel cycle energy efficiency; and (2) reduce national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Objectives of this study were to:
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Assess end use efficiency, national CO2 emission reductions, primary energy savings, and consumer cost savings through encouraging direct use of natural gas to displace less efficient practices by creating economic incentives for equipment and educating consumers to gain immediate benefits, and providing new technologies through R&D investments for sustainable long term benefits.
Natural gas is used as a fuel to generate electricity, to heat and cool buildings, to run appliances, and to power vehicles. Natural gas is also a feedstock for many products and industries. Some observers speculate that natural gas demand and prices will increase under policies that restrict U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as consumers switch from higher‐carbon fuels like coal to lower‐carbon natural gas. To estimate the impact of a national climate policy and changing market conditions, the Climate Change Policy Partnership (CCPP) at Duke University modeled ten natural gas market scenarios using the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) National …
View Full ResourceThe 2008 INGAA Foundation study, Critical Skills Forecast for the Natural Gas Transmission Industry, takes an in-depth look into the positions and functions required in the industry. By identifying positions, skills, and knowledge that may be in short supply and critical functions in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of pipelines, this study locates the largest risk “intersections” of workforce and tasks — and gives the industry a place to focus efforts to enhance skill development methods and materials for these vital positions.…
View Full ResourceNatural gas production in the Barnett Shale region of Texas has increased rapidly since 1999, and as of June 2008, over 7700 oil and gas wells had been installed and another 4700 wells were pending. Gas production in 2007 was approximately 923 Bcf from wells in 21 counties. Natural gas is a critical feedstock to many chemical production processes, and it has many environmental benefits over coal as a fuel for electricity generation, including lower emissions of sulfur, metal compounds, and carbon dioxide. Nevertheless, oil and gas production from the Barnett Shale area can impact local air quality and release …
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