Full Title: Grid Cost and Total Emissions Reductions Through Mass Deployment of Geothermal Heat Pumps for Building Heating and Cooling Electrification in the United States
Author(s): Xiaobing Liu, Jonathan Ho, Jeff Winick, Sean Porse, Jamie Lian, Xiaofei Wang, Weijia Liu, Mini Malhotra, Yanfei Li, and Jyothis Anand
Publisher(s): Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Publication Date: November 4, 2023
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Description (excerpt):
This report presents the results of a study on the potential grid impacts of national-scale mass deployment of geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) coupled with weatherization in single-family homes (SFHs) from 2022 to 2050. This study is an impact analysis only; installed costs and available land areas for installing GHPs are not accounted for in determining their estimated deployment. The analysis team modeled three scenarios with and without GHP deployment to a large percentage of US building floor space. In all cases, deployment of approximately 5 million GHPs per year demonstrated system cost savings on the grid, consumer fuel cost savings through eliminated fuel combustion for space heating, and CO2 emission reductions from avoided on-site fuel combustion.